The article outlines how a successful modern foreign policy career requires blending traditional diplomatic expertise with private sector acumen. Juster's career trajectory—from international law to high-stakes diplomacy (e.g., the Gulf War) and subsequently to the technology sector—demonstrates this synthesis. Key evidence includes his work managing complex negotiations under duress and his involvement in co-founding the U.S.-India High Technology Group. The implication for policy is that effective geopolitical strategy must actively integrate private sector knowledge and technological considerations to manage modern economic and security challenges.
How School Cell Phone Policy Strictness Shapes Student Phone Use: Selected Findings from the American Youth Panel
English Summary
Research indicates that while strict school cell phone policies significantly mitigate student phone checking, they do not eliminate the behavior. The key finding is that student checking frequency correlates strongly with both the restrictiveness of the school's policy and the perceived strictness of its enforcement. Even in highly restrictive environments, students report using evasive tactics and continuing to check their phones. Policymakers should therefore move beyond implementing blanket bans, focusing instead on consistent, visible enforcement and acknowledging student skepticism regarding the overall efficacy of these rules.
中文摘要
研究指出，雖然嚴格的校園手機政策能顯著減輕學生的查看手機行為，但並不能完全根除此行為。關鍵發現是，學生的查看頻率與學校政策的限制程度，以及學生對政策執行嚴格度的感知程度呈強相關。即使在高度限制的環境下，學生仍報告使用規避手段，並持續查看手機。因此，政策制定者應超越實施一刀切的禁令，轉而著重於持續且可見的執行力，並承認學生對這些規定整體有效性的懷疑。
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