English Summary
The analysis argues that the enduring American bargain between democracy and free markets is critically fragile, suggesting the republic may struggle to survive its own cultural divisions. Key evidence points to a tension where modern forces—including economic volatility and deep societal tribalism—are overwhelming the institutional safeguards originally designed by the Founding Fathers to constrain power. The core challenge, therefore, is not merely structural or financial, but sociological: mitigating the 'mad passions of crowds' and internal polarization that threaten political stability. Policy implications suggest that maintaining democratic resilience requires addressing fundamental cultural divisions rather than solely focusing on economic policy.
中文摘要
本分析指出，美國民主與自由市場之間持久的「交易」（bargain）正處於極度脆弱的狀態，暗示著該共和國可能難以承受其自身的文化分裂。關鍵證據顯示，當代力量——包括經濟波動和深刻的社會部落主義——正在壓倒由開國元勳最初設計、旨在限制權力的制度性保障機制。因此，核心挑戰並非單純的結構性或財政問題，而是社會學層面的：如何緩解威脅政治穩定的「群眾狂熱情緒」與內部極化。政策意涵表明，維持民主韌性需要解決根本性的文化分歧，而不僅僅應著重於經濟政策。
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