The article argues that the post-Cold War era of U.S. unipolarity, established by the perceived invincibility demonstrated during the Gulf War, has ended. This decline is driven by globalization and technological diffusion, which have democratized advanced military capabilities, allowing regional actors to challenge major powers. Consequently, policymakers must prepare for a more volatile international order marked by frequent crises, heightened costs for securing global trade chokepoints, and reduced predictability from American power. The new rules dictate that great powers can no longer effortlessly impose their will through force.
Project-based carbon credits: Regulatory and market reforms
English Summary
Project-based carbon credits are recognized as a key market-based tool for raising capital for emissions reductions, but their rapid growth in both compliance and voluntary markets has generated significant concerns regarding market integrity and efficiency. Experts are convening to address these challenges, proposing specific regulatory and structural reforms to strengthen the mechanisms. The core finding is that without robust oversight and better market design, the credibility and effectiveness of carbon credits are compromised. Policymakers must therefore implement rigorous reforms to ensure that these credits genuinely drive verifiable emissions reductions, making them a trustworthy pillar of climate strategy.
中文摘要
專案基礎碳權被公認為用於籌集減排資金的關鍵市場機制工具，但其在法規強制市場和自願市場的快速增長，引發了關於市場完整性和效率的重大擔憂。專家們正在召集討論這些挑戰，並提出具體的監管和結構性改革建議，以強化相關機制。核心發現指出，若缺乏健全的監督和優化的市場設計，碳權的信譽度和有效性將會受到損害。因此，政策制定者必須實施嚴格的改革，確保這些碳權能夠真正推動可驗證的減排量，使其成為可信賴的氣候戰略支柱。
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