CATO Think Tank Reports | ThinkTankWeekly

CATO

97 reviewed reports in the portal

This hub page collects curated ThinkTankWeekly entries for CATO and links readers back to the publisher for the original reports.

Featured topics: United States, Trade, Economy, Middle East, Society, China

1.

How America Can Unleash the Next Energy Revolution: A Fireside Chat with Secretary Chris Wright (CATO)

2026-05-18 | energy | 2026-W20 | Topics: United States, Energy

Secretary Chris Wright argues that the United States must achieve energy dominance to lead the next energy revolution. His core strategy emphasizes deregulation, allowing free markets to expand energy supply and types, thereby solidifying U.S. global leadership. While this market-driven approach is necessary, the policy faces significant domestic and international opposition. Consequently, the primary policy challenge is overcoming these headwinds to fully implement market-based solutions and secure American energy superiority.

Read at CATO
2.

US Tariff Refunds: Mostly Good Developments but Still a Long Way to Go (CATO)

2026-05-18 | economy | 2026-W20 | Topics: Trade, United States, Economy

While the US government has shown progress in processing the $166 billion refund of illegal tariffs through the CBP's CAPE system, the process remains highly bureaucratic and far from complete. Key evidence shows an increase in validated applications and authorized refunds, but the system is plagued by technical failures and administrative complexity, leading to significant delays. Critically, even current authorizations leave over $100 billion in unlawful tariff revenue unreturned to importers. Strategically, the complexity of the refund process disproportionately burdens small businesses, necessitating urgent government intervention to resolve systemic issues and ensure full restitution.

Read at CATO
3.

Virginia’s “Assault Weapons” Ban Draws Immediate Legal Fire—in State and Federal Court (CATO)

2026-05-18 | society | 2026-W20 | Topics: NATO, Trade, United States, Society

Virginia's new 'assault weapons' ban has triggered immediate, complex legal challenges in both state and federal courts. The plaintiffs are employing highly strategic legal maneuvers: the state case focuses exclusively on the Virginia Constitution to avoid federal jurisdiction, while the federal case is designed to build a record for a Supreme Court appeal, acknowledging existing unfavorable circuit precedents. These parallel lawsuits are not merely legal disputes; they represent a coordinated effort to force the Supreme Court to clarify the scope of the Second Amendment and state constitutional rights regarding modern firearms. The outcome could establish a significant national precedent for gun control policy across the United States.

Read at CATO
4.

Friday Feature: Start Bright Learning Center (CATO)

2026-05-18 | society | 2026-W20 | Topics: Society

The case study of Start Bright Learning Center argues that small, personalized microschooling models offer a highly effective alternative to traditional public education, particularly for struggling learners. Its success is attributed to a holistic curriculum that balances academics with hands-on, experiential projects and cultural integration, moving away from over-stimulation by screens. Crucially, the model's sustainability and accessibility are dependent on state-level school choice programs and scholarships. Policy implications suggest that supporting alternative educational structures through voucher or scholarship mechanisms is vital for improving educational equity and allowing community-driven learning centers to thrive.

Read at CATO
5.

Don’t Pause the Gas Tax—Repeal It (CATO)

2026-05-18 | economy | 2026-W20 | Topics: Middle East, United States, Economy

The CATO argues that temporary gas tax holidays are merely political gimmicks and that Congress should instead permanently repeal the federal gas tax. While acknowledging that the war in Iran is the primary driver of high gas prices, the publication advocates for repealing the tax and devolving highway funding entirely to state and local governments. This decentralization is presented as a more efficient and less bureaucratic solution, allowing states—which are best positioned to assess local infrastructure needs—to manage funding through their own tax mechanisms. The policy implication is that Congress must use the upcoming highway bill reauthorization to permanently repeal the tax, thereby lowering prices and reducing federal overreach.

Read at CATO
6.

President Trump’s Approval on Inflation Is Now Worse Than President Biden’s Ever Was (CATO)

2026-05-18 | economy | 2026-W20 | Topics: Middle East, Economy

Trump's approval rating regarding inflation has hit a historic low (-44%), surpassing the worst points recorded during both his and Biden's presidencies. This decline is attributed to persistent price increases, driven by energy shocks and geopolitical conflicts, which have pushed consumer prices above cumulative year-on-year wage gains. Economically, the failure to achieve falling prices, despite campaign promises, is eroding public confidence. Strategically, this deteriorating affordability trend poses a significant political risk for Trump, as economic stability and cost of living are paramount concerns for voters in the current election cycle.

Read at CATO
7.

Immigration Studies Director David J. Bier Testifies Before the House Judiciary Committee (CATO)

2026-05-18 | society | 2026-W20 | Topics: United States, Society

David J. Bier argues that restrictive immigration policies are detrimental to American society, citing research that shows immigrants—both legal and illegal—are net positive contributors who increase income, generate taxes, and improve public safety by reducing crime rates. He argues that current legal restrictions and the threat of mass deportation are counterproductive, leading to instability and undermining local governance. Policy recommendations include abandoning the 'mass deportation dream' and reforming legal pathways, while simultaneously ensuring that federal enforcement (DHS/ICE) prioritizes serious criminal fugitives over broad, indiscriminate arrests. This shift is presented as the only way to defend national safety, prosperity, and civil liberties.

Read at CATO
8.

Let 1,000 Flowers Bloom (CATO)

2026-05-18 | society | 2026-W20 | Topics: Trade, United States, Society

The analysis argues that while educational freedom programs are expanding, their current design is often flawed due to unstable funding and limited eligibility. Key evidence shows that when demand exceeds annual appropriations, programs create waitlists and uncertainty, undermining the promise of choice. For educational freedom to be sustainable, policymakers must move beyond piecemeal funding and integrate these programs into the state's core school funding formula. This systemic approach ensures reliable funding that grows automatically with student demand, maximizing opportunity while minimizing the risk of creating new educational barriers.

Read at CATO
9.

Trump’s Plan to Pull U.S. Troops from Europe Is Good for Everyone, and America Most of All (CATO)

2026-05-18 | europe | 2026-W20 | Topics: Europe, Middle East, NATO, Nuclear, Russia, Trade, Ukraine, United States

The article argues that President Trump's plan to withdraw U.S. troops from Europe is strategically beneficial, asserting that the U.S. presence acts as an unnecessary 'glue' that prevents natural European self-sufficiency. Proponents argue that Europe has fundamentally changed, possessing nuclear deterrents and the capacity for regional defense, making American military dominance obsolete. Withdrawal will incentivize European states to rapidly rearm and form natural regional blocs, thereby restoring a balance of power without requiring constant American subsidies. Furthermore, reducing U.S. bases in Europe is presented as a positive development, as it limits American power projection and potential involvement in the Middle East.

Read at CATO
10.

Golden Dome: From Bad to Worse (CATO)

2026-05-18 | defense | 2026-W20 | Topics: China, Nuclear, Russia, United States, Defense

The article argues that the proposed 'Golden Dome' homeland missile defense project is fiscally unsound and strategically infeasible, citing a projected cost of $1.2 trillion that consumes a massive portion of the defense budget for limited defensive capability. It contends that such systems are unlikely to protect against advanced threats and could dangerously increase the risk of preemptive conflict. Instead of funding this costly infrastructure, policymakers should focus on pragmatic, proven methods to de-escalate tensions and deter the use of nuclear weapons, rather than attempting to 'win' a nuclear war.

Read at CATO
11.

Trump’s Personal Investments and Government by Deal (CATO)

2026-05-18 | economy | 2026-W20 | Topics: Trade, United States, Economy

The article argues that the Trump administration's tendency to treat policymaking as a series of personalized 'deals'—such as trading export permissions or government stakes for revenue—undermines predictable market function. Key evidence includes the president's personal investments in major companies like Nvidia, Intel, and Boeing, which are directly affected by the administration's discretionary policies. The core finding is that this 'government-by-deal' approach forces businesses to focus on political favor rather than sound business judgment. Therefore, the policy implication is that the executive branch must be restricted from wielding such broad, discretionary power over individual companies and sectors, favoring instead a neutral, predictable regulatory framework.

Read at CATO
12.

How Measurement Choices Shape the Housing Debate—and the Charts in the President’s Economic Report (CATO)

2026-05-09 | economy | 2026-W19 | Topics: United States, Economy

This Cato Institute analysis argues that the President’s Economic Report of the President’s framing of the housing debate is heavily reliant on selective measurement choices that distort the reality of affordability. The report criticizes the report’s use of comparisons between house prices and income, highlighting that increased housing size and features contribute to higher costs, not necessarily a lack of affordability. Furthermore, the report challenges the interpretation of declining homeownership rates and birth rates, demonstrating how convenient endpoints can create a misleading narrative. Ultimately, the analysis suggests that focusing solely on supply-side interventions without acknowledging consumer preferences and market dynamics is a flawed approach to housing policy, advocating for minimal federal interference.

Read at CATO
13.

Exceeding Powers or Abusing Them? (CATO)

2026-05-09 | society | 2026-W19 | Topics: United States, Society

This Cato Institute analysis, authored by William Baude, argues that the second Trump administration’s law firm executive orders represent an abuse of legitimate executive powers, rather than simply exercising nonexistent authority. The orders, which penalized firms based on their affiliations and associations, demonstrate a misuse of powers like security clearance revocation and contract termination. Baude highlights the courts’ reluctance to intervene in presidential actions due to concerns about institutional consequences, emphasizing that abuses of power can be difficult to address legally. Consequently, the analysis calls for congressional oversight and public scrutiny to hold the executive branch accountable when it exceeds its constitutional bounds.

Read at CATO
14.

AI Pre-Approval Proposal Could Hand Washington a Kill Switch Over Speech and Innovation (CATO)

2026-05-09 | tech | 2026-W19 | Topics: AI, Cybersecurity, Europe, United States, Technology

This CATO analysis warns against a White House proposal to establish a pre-approval system for advanced AI models, framing it as a potential ‘kill switch’ over speech and innovation. The proposal, likened to an ‘FDA for AI,’ would grant the executive branch unprecedented control over the technology, raising concerns about regulatory capture, censorship, and the weaponization of government power. Evidence suggests this initiative is driven by cybersecurity concerns and a desire to retaliate against companies with dissenting viewpoints, exemplified by the Anthropic-Pentagon dispute. Such a prescriptive approach risks stifling innovation, chilling free speech, and placing the U.S. at a competitive disadvantage compared to nations with less restrictive regulatory frameworks.

Read at CATO
15.

From Cynicism to Change: Reflecting on One Year Since My Congressional Testimony (CATO)

2026-05-09 | society | 2026-W19 | Topics: United States, Society

CATO’s recent congressional testimony, focused on the overcriminalization of American citizens through federal regulations, initially met with typical partisan friction. However, the publication of personal stories of individuals ensnared by the system, particularly the cases of John Moore, Tanner Mansell, and Michelino Sunseri, unexpectedly shifted the narrative. This prompted a direct response from President Trump, who issued an Executive Order and subsequently granted full pardons to the affected individuals. Following this, legislative efforts, including the Count the Crimes to Cut Act and the Mens Rea Reform Act, gained traction in Congress, demonstrating a tangible shift towards reducing regulatory offenses and emphasizing criminal intent in federal prosecutions. This highlights the power of evidence-based arguments and human-centered storytelling in influencing policy outcomes.

Read at CATO
16.

Federal Court Strikes Down President’s Latest Tariffs (CATO)

2026-05-09 | economy | 2026-W19 | Topics: Trade, United States, Economy

The US Court of International Trade ruled on May 7th that President’s latest tariffs under Section 122 of the Trade Act of 1974 were unlawful, rejecting the administration’s argument that balance-of-payments deficits justified their imposition. The court cited specific, historical methodologies for measuring BoP deficits – liquidity, official settlements, and basic balance – which were largely obsolete by the time the Trade Act was enacted and no longer tracked by the Bureau of Economic Analysis. This decision reinforces the principle that Congress must retain control over tariff authority, preventing the executive branch from unilaterally invoking such powers based on broad economic indicators. While the immediate impact of the ruling is limited due to the lack of a nationwide injunction, it represents a crucial check on executive overreach in trade policy.

Read at CATO
17.

The Pentagon’s Retaliation Campaign Against Senator Kelly Is Unconstitutional (CATO)

2026-05-09 | society | 2026-W19 | Topics: Society

CATO’s analysis argues that the Pentagon’s campaign against Senator Kelly, including threats of pay reduction and potential criminal prosecution, is unconstitutional due to violating the doctrine of unconstitutional conditions. The DoD’s actions attempt to punish Kelly’s criticism of military policy through withholding government benefits, effectively imposing a monetary penalty on his First Amendment rights. The Cato brief highlights the risk of this precedent setting a dangerous trend where the executive branch could censor speech by military retirees. The DC Circuit Court’s expected ruling to uphold the injunction is crucial to safeguarding constitutional protections for retired service members.

Read at CATO
18.

The GSIB Surcharge Is Un-American — But That’s Just the Start of the Problem (CATO)

2026-05-04 | economy | 2026-W18 | Topics: United States, Economy

The article argues that modern banking regulations, specifically the Global Systemically Important Bank (GSIB) surcharge and complex risk-weighted capital frameworks, are overly punitive and counterproductive to economic health. The author contends that the GSIB concept is flawed, as bank failure is not the primary systemic risk, and the existing regulatory rules are unnecessarily complex, creating compliance jobs rather than safety. For policy, the publication advocates for Congress to eliminate the GSIB surcharge and expand the use of simpler, non-risk-weighted ratios, ideally allowing banks, investors, and customers to determine optimal capital levels, aligning with free-market principles.

Read at CATO
19.

You (Probably) Won’t Get a Tariff Refund (CATO)

2026-05-04 | economy | 2026-W18 | Topics: Trade, United States, Economy

Despite a Supreme Court ruling invalidating billions in emergency tariffs, the subsequent refund process is highly bureaucratic and structured to minimize government payouts. The mandated Consolidated Administration and Processing of Entries (CAPE) system requires importers to file detailed, entry-by-entry claims and undergo intense scrutiny, a process that is costly and likely to exclude smaller businesses. This administrative complexity, coupled with the government's ability to apply deductions, ensures that the Treasury will retain a significant portion of the illegally collected funds. Strategically, while consumers are unlikely to receive direct refunds due to legal precedent, the burden of passing on savings is shifting to voluntary market mechanisms, such as logistics companies and major retailers.

Read at CATO
20.

The AI Boom Is Being Fueled by Imports—and Free Trade (CATO)

2026-05-04 | economy | 2026-W18 | Topics: AI, Trade, United States, Economy

The analysis argues that the current US AI boom is significantly fueled by imports of necessary inputs, such as servers, which are entering the country largely free of tariffs. This rapid domestic investment, while boosting GDP, is heavily reliant on favorable trade policies, specifically referencing a mid-2025 exemption from global tariffs. The core concern is that the AI industry benefits from a 'special' tariff-free treatment. Policymakers must therefore consider whether this favorable trade environment can be maintained or extended to other American industries, suggesting that the current boom may be more policy-dependent than organically sustainable.

Read at CATO
21.

The FISA Section 702 Lapse “Going Dark” Myth (CATO)

2026-05-04 | americas | 2026-W18 | Topics: United States, Americas

The article argues that the fear surrounding a temporary lapse of FISA Section 702—the 'going dark' myth—is largely unfounded. Intelligence collection can continue through multiple alternative authorities, including Executive Order 12333, traditional Title I warrants, and existing FISC certifications, even if the statute lapses. Furthermore, the Attorney General retains emergency surveillance powers, ensuring continuity of operations. While the lapse wouldn't immediately halt intelligence gathering, the primary policy focus must remain on reforming Section 702 to mandate probable cause before the FBI searches Americans' digital data.

Read at CATO
22.

FBI Director Kash Patel’s Latest Defamation Lawsuit (CATO)

2026-05-04 | society | 2026-W18 | Topics: Nuclear, United States, Society

The article analyzes Kash Patel's defamation lawsuit, arguing that the case is highly likely to fail due to the stringent legal standard of "actual malice." This standard requires plaintiffs to prove the defendant's subjective state of mind—that they *knew* the statement was false or acted with *reckless disregard*—a burden the law does not make easy to meet. The author systematically dismantles Patel's claims, demonstrating that the law does not require journalists to be reasonable, conduct exhaustive investigations, or provide opportunities for comment. Strategically, this legal framework effectively shields media outlets, implying that public figures face an almost insurmountable barrier to achieving legal redress for defamation.

Read at CATO
23.

OPEC and the UAE Exit (CATO)

2026-05-04 | energy | 2026-W18 | Topics: Middle East, United States, Energy

The article argues that OPEC's ability to control oil prices through production quotas is largely symbolic, citing that geological and technical realities prevent rapid, precise adjustments to oil output. Evidence suggests that quotas are frequently ignored, with the UAE exceeding its limits and its production volatility statistically mirroring that of the decentralized US market. Therefore, OPEC functions less as an economic cartel and more as a political club, using the appearance of control to rally against the West. The UAE's exit signals that geopolitical differences with regional rivals, such as Saudi Arabia, now outweigh the strategic importance of anti-Western solidarity.

Read at CATO
24.

The Endless Search for a Surgeon General We Don’t Need (CATO)

2026-05-04 | health | 2026-W18 | Topics: United States, Health

The article argues that the Office of the Surgeon General is an unnecessary and politically compromised institution that should be dissolved. The author uses the repeated cycle of controversial nominations—citing examples like Dr. Neshiewat and Dr. Means—as evidence that the office has drifted from its apolitical public health role into a politicized 'bully pulpit.' The core finding is that this 'mission creep' undermines trust in legitimate health functions and wastes Congressional time. Policy-wise, the author recommends that Congress eliminate the office entirely and reassign any necessary public health duties to existing, appropriate federal agencies.

Read at CATO
25.

America’s Post-Deliberative Wars (CATO)

2026-05-04 | americas | 2026-W18 | Topics: Middle East, United States, Americas

The article argues that the recent 'Iran War' represents a 'post-deliberative' conflict, characterized by the near-total failure of Congress and the mainstream media to sustain robust public debate on the choice between war and peace. Key evidence cited is the lack of meaningful congressional deliberation or votes before the conflict, contrasting sharply with previous, albeit flawed, instances of military authorization. The implications are dire: this trend of congressional abdication and media passivity reinforces the 'imperial presidency,' necessitating sustained voter engagement and political pressure to restore constitutional oversight of executive military power.

Read at CATO
26.

Federal Budget Reform Opportunities in Higher Education for 2026 (CATO)

2026-05-04 | economy | 2026-W18 | Topics: United States, Economy

The CATO report argues that federal higher education programs are bloated and contain significant opportunities for structural reform, potentially saving taxpayers over $265 billion over the next decade. Key proposed reforms include eliminating subsidized student loans, capping or eliminating Public Service Loan Forgiveness (PSLF), and limiting interest waivers under the Repayment Assistance Plan. The authors argue that these changes are necessary not only for fiscal responsibility but also to improve the overall policy framework of student lending and aid. Implementing these reforms would require substantial legislative action to streamline spending and reduce the federal debt burden.

Read at CATO
27.

Federal Threats on the Horizon Are Killing Housing Supply Growth Now (CATO)

2026-05-04 | economy | 2026-W18 | Topics: United States, Economy

CATO argues that proposed federal regulations, specifically those restricting institutional investors in Build-to-Rent (BTR) properties, are already causing significant contraction in housing supply. The key evidence is that the mere threat of such legislation has led developers to pause or abandon projects, freezing billions in investment and forcing capital redirection away from rental housing. The policy implication is that federal and local governments must withdraw from housing market decisions, as regulatory overreach creates unnecessary distortions and hinders the natural function of a complex, self-regulating market.

Read at CATO
28.

Friday Feature: Oakmont Education (CATO)

2026-05-04 | economy | 2026-W18 | Topics: Economy

Oakmont Education demonstrates that specialized, career-technical education (CTE) is a highly effective alternative for at-risk youth, challenging the limitations of traditional academic models. The program's success stems from tailoring curricula to local economic demands—such as advanced manufacturing or healthcare—and utilizing industry professionals as instructors. This model emphasizes flexibility, individualized learning, and culminates in nationally recognized credentials, leading to high job placement rates and sustained post-graduation support. Policymakers should consider adopting similar integrated approaches, shifting educational funding and focus toward direct workforce alignment to improve labor supply and reduce social costs associated with dropout rates.

Read at CATO
29.

Trump Has Cut Legal Immigration More Than Illegal Immigration (CATO)

2026-04-27 | americas | 2026-W17 | Topics: United States, Americas

The analysis concludes that the Trump administration has implemented policies that have cut legal immigration flows at a rate significantly higher (estimated 2.5 times) than the reduction in illegal entries. Key evidence includes massive declines across legal categories, such as asylum seekers (99.9% drop), refugees (90% drop), and family/student visas, driven by visa bans and new fees. These sweeping cuts are projected to harm US citizens seeking to reunite with relatives and undermine national economic stability. Strategically, the report argues that the administration's agenda is not merely focused on curbing 'illegal' immigration, but represents a broader, systematic restriction on all types of immigration.

Read at CATO
30.

Trump Cuts the Inspectors General (CATO)

2026-04-27 | economy | 2026-W17 | Topics: Trade, United States, Economy

The article argues that the Trump administration's actions—including the firing of numerous Inspectors General (IGs) and proposing a 23% cut in real IG funding—undermine federal oversight and waste detection. Key evidence highlights that IGs have identified tens of billions of dollars in potential savings annually, making the proposed cuts fiscally counterproductive. The analysis concludes that weakening the IG system, which is vital for preventing fraud and waste, is irresponsible. Policymakers must therefore strengthen and adequately fund the IG system to ensure government accountability and effective spending reform.

Read at CATO
31.

Iran War Shows Vulnerability of US Forward Bases (CATO)

2026-04-27 | middle_east | 2026-W17 | Topics: China, Indo-Pacific, Middle East, Nuclear, United States

The conflict with Iran demonstrated that US forward military bases are highly vulnerable to sustained attacks, regardless of the US's conventional military overmatch. Iran leveraged its proximity and ability to launch missiles and drones against multiple US bases across the region, forcing the Pentagon to consider remote operations. This vulnerability necessitates a strategic reevaluation of the operational value of large, forward-deployed bases, raising questions about their utility in modern conflict and potentially impacting basing strategies across both the Middle East and the Indo-Pacific.

Read at CATO
32.

Note to Bessent and Congressional Republicans: Greedflation Is Still Bad Economics (CATO)

2026-04-27 | economy | 2026-W17 | Topics: Middle East, Russia, Trade, Ukraine, United States, Economy

The article argues that the 'greedflation' narrative—which blames corporate price gouging for inflation—is economically unsound. It posits that recent price spikes, such as those in energy, are primarily the result of supply shocks (e.g., geopolitical conflicts like the war in Iran) or excessive monetary and fiscal stimulus. The author contends that market prices reflect true scarcity and opportunity cost, making corporate greed an insufficient explanation for widespread price increases. Policymakers, therefore, must shift accountability away from consumers and companies and instead hold governments and central banks responsible for the policies that generate inflationary pressures.

Read at CATO
33.

Misdirection and Misinformation: FISA Reauthorization Fight Intensifies (CATO)

2026-04-27 | society | 2026-W17 | Topics: Europe, Nuclear, United States, Society

The article argues that the intelligence community's core defense for Section 702 reauthorization—that it is technically impossible to filter US-person communications from foreign traffic—is factually incorrect. This claim is undermined by the existence of sophisticated, real-time jurisdictional-tagging and anonymization systems developed by the global financial sector for compliance purposes, proving the necessary technology is mature. Consequently, the author advises that Congress should reject current reauthorization bills, which are structurally flawed, and instead mandate a privacy architecture modeled after commercial best practices to ensure constitutional compliance.

Read at CATO
34.

American Corn Growers Have an Ethanol Problem. We Should Stop Enabling It. (CATO)

2026-04-27 | energy | 2026-W17 | Topics: Climate, Trade, United States, Energy

The Cato Institute argues that federal mandates and subsidies for corn ethanol, particularly through the Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS), constitute an expensive and unnecessary government intervention. The authors contend that these subsidies are an 'addiction' that primarily benefits large agricultural lobbies and refiners at the expense of taxpayers and consumers. Key evidence cited includes the fact that the RFS has been shown to increase emissions and that the mandates are not essential for fuel performance or market stability. Policy-wise, the report strongly recommends that Congress abolish the entire RFS program, allowing ethanol to find its place purely in the free market and removing government involvement from the transportation fuel business.

Read at CATO
35.

Friday Feature: Legacy Learning Loft (CATO)

2026-04-27 | society | 2026-W17 | Topics: Society

The article argues that small, personalized microschools offer a superior alternative to rigid, standardized educational systems by fostering holistic development. This model provides highly customized curricula that integrate culturally relevant social-emotional learning, current events, and hands-on STEM projects. Evidence highlights the efficacy of this approach, noting that students have achieved significant academic gains, with some advancing multiple grade levels through targeted instruction. Policy implications suggest that educational policy should shift to support flexible, individualized learning structures that prioritize real-world skill development and student agency over institutional conformity.

Read at CATO
36.

Will Trump’s Next Tariffs Be a “Sham,” Too? (CATO)

2026-04-27 | economy | 2026-W17 | Topics: China, Europe, Trade, United States, Economy

This analysis argues that the administration's planned tariffs under Section 301 are likely a 'sham' because the decision to impose them appears predetermined, regardless of the investigation's findings. The author critiques the USTR's methodology for determining 'Structural Excess Capacity' (SEC), citing that the process relies on arbitrary benchmarks (such as the 80% utilization rate) and fails to establish clear causal links. Furthermore, the piece notes that the U.S. government itself utilizes numerous non-market policies and subsidies, suggesting that the US should examine its own trade practices rather than solely focusing on foreign nations. Consequently, the article warns that the impending tariffs may be based on legally and economically dubious data, signaling a potential overreach in US trade policy.

Read at CATO
37.

What We Can Learn from the CFPB’s Strategic Plan for the Very Short Run (CATO)

2026-04-27 | economy | 2026-W17 | Topics: United States, Economy

While the CFPB's strategic plan proposes laudable reforms—such as focusing on tangible consumer harms and adhering strictly to statutory mandates—the article argues that these changes are insufficient to address systemic flaws. The core critique is that the Bureau's structure, including its unique funding and single-director model, inherently promotes overreach and a disregard for established law. Consequently, the author concludes that the agency's problems are not merely operational but structural, necessitating fundamental statutory reforms by Congress rather than temporary policy adjustments.

Read at CATO
38.

What Should Policy Do About Carbon Emissions? (CATO)

2026-04-27 | energy | 2026-W17 | Topics: Climate, Energy

The article argues that while carbon emissions are a significant externality, traditional clean energy subsidies are an inefficient 'blunt instrument' because they reduce total energy costs and create distorted incentives. A theoretically superior approach is a Pigouvian carbon tax, as it unambiguously raises the price of carbon-based energy, encouraging efficiency. However, due to the political unpopularity and measurement difficulties of carbon taxes, the authors conclude that the most practical, least harmful policy response may be doing nothing, other than eliminating existing subsidies for carbon-based fuels.

Read at CATO
39.

Friday Feature: Vanguard Gifted Academy (CATO)

2026-04-12 | society | 2026-W15 | Topics: Society

The publication argues that conventional educational models often fail gifted and neurodivergent students, particularly those who are 'twice exceptional,' by failing to meet them where they are. Vanguard Academy demonstrates an alternative approach, utilizing a highly differentiated, hands-on curriculum that focuses heavily on executive functioning skills rather than standardized conformity. This model suggests that specialized, individualized educational environments are crucial for maximizing the potential of high-potential learners who fall outside traditional academic norms. Policy implications suggest a need for greater recognition and funding for non-standardized, specialized educational institutions that cater to the unique developmental needs of gifted and neurodivergent populations.

Read at CATO
40.

FISA Reauthorization Fearmongering and Disinformation Kicks Into Overdrive (CATO)

2026-04-12 | society | 2026-W15 | Topics: Cybersecurity, United States, Society

The article argues that the current push for clean reauthorization of FISA Section 702 is based on misleading propaganda that systematically minimizes surveillance abuses and ignores critical legal flaws. Key evidence cited includes the political compromise and functional dismantling of oversight bodies, the disbanding of internal compliance offices, and the persistent, warrantless 'backdoor search' of American data. Strategically, the piece warns that Congress should not grant clean reauthorization, as the program's scope is expanding while the lack of judicial warrants for searching US-person data poses a significant threat to civil liberties.

Read at CATO
41.

Argentina Graph of the Day: Starlink Connects Millions of People (CATO)

2026-04-12 | americas | 2026-W15 | Topics: Americas

Argentina's deregulation of satellite internet access, initiated by the Milei administration, has led to an explosive increase in connectivity, bringing services like Starlink to millions of previously isolated citizens. Key evidence shows that this liberalization has immediately boosted sectors such as mining, energy, tourism, and precision agriculture, proving that high-cost internet access was previously a regulatory bottleneck. This case serves as a model for how targeted deregulation can dismantle regulatory rents held by special interests, suggesting that deep economic liberalization is a powerful engine for broad national development and efficiency.

Read at CATO
42.

Virginia’s Hemp Crackdown and the Return of Prohibition (CATO)

2026-04-12 | health | 2026-W15 | Topics: United States, Health

The article argues that recent federal and state regulatory changes, exemplified by Virginia's new laws, constitute a return to prohibition by creating a 'regulatory cliff' for hemp-derived products. Key evidence includes Congress redefining hemp with strict THC thresholds and Virginia imposing an extremely low 2mg cap, provisions that will eliminate most low-cost, low-dose products and clear the market for existing, state-licensed medical operators. This policy shift has severe implications, as it forces compliant small businesses to close and pushes consumers who rely on these products out of the legal market. Consequently, the demand for these substances is likely to shift toward the illicit market, increasing risks associated with potency and lack of transparency.

Read at CATO
43.

Texas Is Building the Future of Electricity (CATO)

2026-04-12 | energy | 2026-W15 | Topics: AI, Energy

Texas's ERCOT grid is uniquely positioned to handle rapid electricity growth, particularly driven by AI data centers, but its traditional interconnection queue is becoming a bottleneck. The article argues that Consumer Regulated Electricity (CRE) is necessary to maintain this momentum by allowing large customers to bypass the queue and build dedicated, off-grid power supplies. This model, which complements the existing grid, enables projects to come online faster, thereby lowering costs, improving reliability, and accommodating the massive new load demands. Policymakers should adopt CRE to ensure regulatory certainty, allowing Texas to continue its rapid development cycle and solidify its role as a major economic power.

Read at CATO
44.

CAP Health Care Proposal: Regulation Hasn’t Delivered Affordability, So Let’s Try Regulation (CATO)

2026-04-12 | health | 2026-W15 | Topics: United States, Health

CATO critiques the Center for American Progress's (CAP) proposed health care regulations, arguing that further government intervention will fail to deliver affordability and may increase costs. The analysis points to the rising spending projections for Part D plans and the limited success of previous interventions, such as the IRA and Obamacare, as evidence of regulatory failure. The author contends that proposals like price caps on hospitals or tightening Medical Loss Ratio (MLR) rules are flawed because government price-setting often increases market inefficiency and overall spending. Consequently, the brief implies that the US needs a fundamental shift away from regulatory overreach to achieve affordable and universal care.

Read at CATO
45.

The 25 th Amendment Is an Unlikely and Inapt Solution (CATO)

2026-04-12 | americas | 2026-W15 | Topics: Middle East, United States, Americas

The article argues that invoking the 25th Amendment to remove a president due to poor judgment or rhetoric is an unapt, antidemocratic, and politically difficult solution. Instead of relying on this constitutional backstop, the author suggests Congress should utilize its existing legislative powers to constrain a rogue executive. Policy strategies should focus on strengthening the Senate's role in vetting nominations, leveraging the House's impeachment power, and using annual funding bills to limit executive overreach. Ultimately, the piece warns that the true policy failure is Congress's continued tendency to delegate too much power to the executive branch.

Read at CATO
46.

Nevada v. Lara Brief: Police Cannot Escape State Laws by Handing Asset Forfeiture Cases to the Feds (CATO)

2026-04-12 | americas | 2026-W15 | Topics: Americas

The brief argues that federal 'equitable sharing' asset forfeiture programs threaten state sovereignty by allowing federal prosecutors to adopt state cases while bypassing established state safeguards. This system effectively turns law enforcement into a revenue stream, as demonstrated by attempts to seize personal assets without full state legislative buy-in. The core finding is that federal adoption of state forfeiture actions undermines state law and compromises constitutional property rights, challenging the principles of federalism. Policy-wise, this highlights a critical tension where federal overreach in law enforcement funding compromises the ability of states to govern their own officers and legal practices.

Read at CATO
47.

Tax Day: Five Charts on Who Pays, How Much (CATO)

2026-04-12 | economy | 2026-W15 | Topics: Europe, United States, Economy

The article argues that the US tax system is highly progressive, with the top 10% of earners paying a disproportionate share of federal revenue. While the US maintains a relatively low overall tax burden compared to high-tax European nations, the current spending trajectory is fiscally unsustainable, leading to mounting debt. The analysis concludes that the current path requires either massive tax increases or drastic spending cuts. Therefore, the primary policy recommendation is that Congress must reduce government spending to maintain the US's low tax burden and avoid future tax hikes.

Read at CATO
48.

How Viktor Orbán’s Hungary Eroded the Rule of Law and Free Markets (CATO)

2026-04-09 | europe | 2026-W15 | Topics: China, Europe, Russia, Trade, Ukraine, United States

A Cato Institute analysis argues that Viktor Orbán's Hungary has eroded the rule of law and free markets, moving away from its initial liberal democratic foundations. The report highlights a significant decline in Hungary's freedom scores across various indices, including Freedom House, V-Dem, and the Human Freedom Index, demonstrating a shift towards an 'illiberal state' characterized by centralized power, cronyism, and weakened institutions. This serves as a cautionary tale against unrestrained executive power and a departure from democratic norms, contrasting sharply with Orbán's self-portrayal as a 'freedom fighter'.

Read at CATO
49.

Additional Concerns Regarding President Trump’s “Golden Dome” (CATO)

2026-03-29 | defense | 2026-W13 | Topics: China, Middle East, Nuclear, Russia, United States, Defense

The Trump administration's proposed 'Golden Dome' air and missile defense system, modeled on Israel's Iron Dome, faces fundamental viability challenges exposed by Iran's recent military operations. Iran's successful penetration of Israel's AMD system through mass missile attacks and saturation tactics demonstrates that such defense networks can be overwhelmed by determined adversaries with greater capabilities than Iran, such as China or Russia. The system's cost-benefit analysis is deeply unfavorable: interceptors cost $12.7 million each while Iranian missiles cost $1-2 million, and the system's estimated $844 billion to $1.1 trillion price tag would provide minimal strategic benefit and represent a wasteful opportunity cost when resources are desperately needed elsewhere.

Read at CATO
50.

Treasury Auctions Show That the Fed Does Not Control Market Rates (CATO)

2026-03-28 | economy | 2026-W13 | Topics: Middle East, United States, Economy

The article argues that the Federal Reserve's control over market interest rates is often overstated, with market forces frequently dictating rate movements. This is evidenced by recent Treasury auctions where rates surged independently of any Fed policy changes, demonstrating the Fed's reactive rather than proactive role in setting rates. The author suggests that Congress should impose guardrails on the Fed's discretionary powers, advocating for a more objective, rule-based monetary policy to enhance accountability and align better with market conditions.

Read at CATO
51.

Fed’s Defense of IOR Undermined by Weak Treasury Auctions (CATO)

2026-03-28 | economy | 2026-W13 | Topics: Middle East, United States, Economy

CATO argues the Federal Reserve's defense of its Interest on Reserves (IOR) program is fundamentally flawed. The Fed claims IOR and Treasury securities are fiscal equivalents, but this week's weak Treasury auction demonstrates they are not: investors carefully price Treasurys based on inflation and duration risk, while IOR is administratively set with no market discipline. The article contends this substitution argument ignores how markets function and allows the government to monetize debt without the market signals that would otherwise discipline fiscal spending.

Read at CATO
52.

Illegal Immigrant Incarceration Rates, 2010–2024: The Demographics of American Imprisonment (CATO)

2026-03-28 | society | 2026-W13 | Topics: Europe, United States, Society

A CATO study utilizing 2024 American Community Survey data reveals that both legal and illegal immigrants are significantly less likely to be incarcerated than native-born Americans. In 2024, native-born Americans had an incarceration rate of 1,195 per 100,000, compared to 674 for illegal immigrants and 303 for legal immigrants, a trend consistent since 2010. The findings suggest that mass deportation of illegal immigrants will not reduce crime rates, and policy should instead focus on removing non-citizen criminals while improving data collection on the immigration status of those arrested or convicted.

Read at CATO
53.

Postal Service Out of Cash (CATO)

2026-03-28 | economy | 2026-W13 | Topics: Europe, United States, Economy

The U.S. Postal Service (USPS) is in a severe financial crisis, losing money annually since 2007 due to declining mail volumes and intense competition, with structural reforms hindered by Congress. Postmaster General David Steiner has proposed closing unprofitable retail locations and reducing delivery frequency. However, the CATO Institute advocates for privatizing the USPS to enable greater efficiency, allow it to compete on a level playing field, and adapt its services to modern communication demands.

Read at CATO
54.

States Are Gaming SNAP Error Rates to Avoid Federal Penalties (CATO)

2026-03-28 | society | 2026-W13 | Topics: Trade, United States, Society

States are reportedly exploiting loopholes in the "One Big Beautiful Bill Act" (OBBBA) to manipulate Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) error rates, thereby avoiding federal penalties for improper payments. The "Alaska Carveout" and other tactics, such as weakening quality control and using "no good cause" waivers, allow states to delay or circumvent financial repercussions, undermining the act's intent to improve program integrity. This leads to perverse incentives where states are rewarded for maintaining high error rates rather than fixing underlying problems. Congress is urged to eliminate these loopholes to strengthen OBBBA reforms and ultimately consider shifting SNAP funding responsibility to states to curb waste and fraud.

Read at CATO
55.

60 Minuteson US Shipbuilding and the Jones Act (CATO)

2026-03-28 | economy | 2026-W13 | Topics: Indo-Pacific, Trade, United States, Economy

US commercial shipbuilding is nearly extinct, producing only ~1 ship annually and representing just 0.04% of global output, with domestic vessels costing five times more than South Korean alternatives due to labor shortages, outdated infrastructure, and weak supply chains. The Jones Act, intended to protect the industry by mandating domestic construction of vessels used in US waters, has paradoxically reduced competitiveness while raising water transportation costs and preventing LNG access to regions like New England and Alaska. Steel tariffs and restrictive immigration policies further compound these challenges. The case for Jones Act reform or repeal has never been stronger, despite uncertain political prospects.

Read at CATO
56.

Friday Feature: Logos Tutoring Program (CATO)

2026-03-28 | society | 2026-W13 | Topics: Society

Hunt Davidson created the Logos Tutoring Program to address educational disengagement in adolescent boys through a three-year immersive curriculum combining classical learning (ancient Greek, permaculture), outdoor education (10 hours weekly in nature), and one-on-one mentoring in rural Georgia. The program deliberately exposes boys to challenges, failures, and hardship in a safe environment to build resilience and self-ownership, incorporating liturgical practices and wilderness survival training. Drawing from his experience at St. John's College, Davidson's approach emphasizes what he describes as 'mythological, agrarian, and monastic' principles—storytelling, land stewardship, and contemplative practice—suggesting an alternative educational model that prioritizes character development and emotional growth over traditional classroom instruction.

Read at CATO
57.

Here’s How the Administration Plans to Spend the Largest Immigration Enforcement Funding Surge in History (CATO)

2026-03-28 | society | 2026-W13 | Topics: United States, Society

The article highlights a critical lack of transparency in the Department of Homeland Security's (DHS) spending of $191 billion from the One Big Beautiful Bill Act (OBBBA), particularly for Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) and Customs and Border Protection (CBP). Despite significant apportioned funds, Congress lacks comprehensive public accounting of how the money is being obligated and spent, hindering effective oversight. For example, ICE's monthly expenditures have doubled, with billions allocated to detention facilities, while CBP has tens of billions for border wall construction. This situation weakens governmental checks and balances, leading to concerns about potential misuse of taxpayer resources. The author advocates for rescinding unobligated funds, funneling future allocations through regular appropriations, and enhancing reporting requirements to restore accountability.

Read at CATO
58.

Per-Task Minimum Pay for Gig Workers? (CATO)

2026-03-28 | economy | 2026-W13 | Topics: Economy

A recent study on Seattle's 2024 per-task minimum pay policy for app-based gig workers reveals that while the initiative successfully raised per-task wages, it inadvertently led to a significant reduction in average tips, increased unpaid idle time, and longer distances driven between tasks. Consequently, the policy resulted in no effective increase in monthly earnings for incumbent drivers, as higher per-task pay was offset by these negative factors. This case suggests that well-intentioned interventions aimed at boosting gig worker pay can backfire, highlighting the complex dynamics of labor markets and the potential for unintended consequences in policy implementation.

Read at CATO
59.

If Congress Uses Reconciliation Again, It Must Significantly Reduce the Deficit (CATO)

2026-03-28 | economy | 2026-W13 | Topics: Middle East, United States, Economy

Congress should require at least $600 billion in net deficit reduction if it uses reconciliation for new spending on the Iran war ($200 billion) and immigration enforcement, given the nation's unsustainable fiscal trajectory with federal debt projected to exceed GDP this year and reach 175% by 2056. The article identifies mandatory entitlements (Medicare and Social Security) as the primary drivers of persistent $2 trillion annual deficits, with the proposed $200 billion spending addition carrying a true cost of $287 billion including interest and indirect expenses. Multiple cost-saving reforms to Medicare, Medicaid, SNAP, and tax provisions could easily exceed $1 trillion in savings, providing ample offsets. The article argues Congress should restore fiscal rules like the Conrad Rule or implement a 2:1 offset requirement to ensure reconciliation becomes a tool for fiscal discipline rather than deficit expansion, preventing the bipartisan abuse that plagued previous reconciliation efforts.

Read at CATO
60.

Government Defrauds Legal Immigrants and US Sponsors Who Paid $1 Billion in Fees (CATO)

2026-03-19 | society | 2026-W12 | Topics: Middle East, United States

The article argues that the US government is committing a $1 billion fraud by collecting immigration fees for services it has no intention of providing due to broad nationality-based bans. This claim is based on recent executive and departmental policies that freeze visa processing and benefit adjudications for citizens of up to 92 countries, often without statutory authority or prior notification to applicants. The author highlights that these measures disproportionately affect millions of legal applicants and calls for Congressional action to mandate fair adjudication and transparency in the immigration system.

Read at CATO
61.

Tax Code Already Exempts Large Amounts of Income, Unevenly (CATO)

2026-03-19 | economy | 2026-W12

This article examines the current U.S. tax system, noting that while large amounts of income are already exempt from federal taxation, these benefits are applied unevenly across different household circumstances. It highlights how recent policy expansions, such as 'no tax on tips' and child tax credits, allow some well-situated families to shield over $150,000 in income while others with identical earnings face higher liabilities. The author argues that further layering of targeted exemptions risks increasing system complexity and revenue volatility, advocating instead for consolidating existing credits into a single, uniform deduction to ensure greater consistency and economic efficiency.

Read at CATO
62.

A Balanced Budget Amendment That Borrows from Switzerland’s Fiscal Playbook (CATO)

2026-03-19 | economy | 2026-W12 | Topics: United States

The article analyzes H.J. Res. 139, a balanced budget amendment by Rep. Andy Biggs that caps federal spending at a three-year rolling average of revenues adjusted for population growth and inflation, targeting structural primary balance rather than rigid annual balance. This design draws on Switzerland's successful debt brake, which has helped reduce Swiss debt-to-GDP by allowing cyclical flexibility while enforcing medium-term discipline. However, the amendment contains two significant flaws: a wartime exception requiring only a simple majority that creates perverse incentives for declarations of war to bypass spending limits, and a two-thirds supermajority requirement for tax increases that undermines political neutrality and makes bipartisan ratification virtually impossible. The author recommends fixing both the emergency loophole and the tax-increase provision to produce a durable, credible fiscal rule.

Read at CATO
63.

Ground War in Iran Would Be Hell (CATO)

2026-03-19 | middle_east | 2026-W12 | Topics: China, Europe, Middle East, Russia, Trade, United States

The article contends that a U.S. ground invasion of Iran would be a catastrophic undertaking, dwarfing the scale of the Iraq and Vietnam wars due to Iran’s punishing mountainous terrain and dense urban centers. Achieving total surrender would realistically require up to 1.6 million troops, a mobilization that would compromise other global security commitments and likely necessitate a military draft. The author highlights that Iranian "mosaic" defensive strategies and regional militias would trigger a prolonged insurgency while allowing rivals like Russia and China to exploit American overextension. Consequently, the analysis advocates for immediate de-escalation to avoid a strategic quagmire and preserve U.S. military readiness.

Read at CATO
64.

Martin’s Punch Bowl Speech: The Moral Element In Private Enterprise (CATO)

2026-03-19 | economy | 2026-W12 | Topics: United States

This CATO article revisits Federal Reserve Chairman William McChesney Martin Jr.'s famous 1955 'punch bowl' speech, arguing that its deeper message—beyond the well-known monetary policy metaphor—centers on the moral case for free enterprise, limited government, and individual economic freedom. Martin advocated a humble, rules-based approach to monetary policy focused on long-run price stability, warning against central planning and excessive government control. The article draws lessons for today's policy environment, cautioning against political pressure to expand the Fed's mandate into fiscal monetization, environmental, and social objectives, and argues that a simple monetary rule could replace much of the Fed's current discretionary framework.

Read at CATO
65.

World Trade Without the US (CATO)

2026-03-19 | economy | 2026-W12 | Topics: China, Europe, Indo-Pacific, Middle East, Russia, Trade, Ukraine, United States

The article argues that despite the United States' shift toward aggressive protectionism and abandonment of multilateral leadership, the remaining 165 WTO members can and should continue global trade liberalization independently. By adopting a WTO-based plurilateral approach and moving away from strict consensus decision-making, these nations can address 21st-century challenges like digital trade while bypassing American commercial recalcitrance. Evidence suggests that global supply chains are already reconfiguring through 'trade deflection' and new non-US agreements, proving that international trade can persist without the U.S. at its center. Ultimately, collective action within the WTO framework is necessary to prevent global economic fragmentation and to maintain the rule-based system until the U.S. returns to a cooperative role.

Read at CATO
66.

Jones Act Waiver Talk Highlights the Law’s Costs (CATO)

2026-03-19 | economy | 2026-W12 | Topics: Middle East, Trade, United States

The article argues that the reported move to waive the Jones Act underscores how the 1920 law structurally inflates domestic transportation costs and restricts supply chain flexibility, particularly for energy and fertilizer. By limiting domestic shipping to a tiny, expensive fleet of US-built vessels, the act forces inefficient workarounds and increases reliance on foreign energy imports rather than domestic resources. The author contends that while a waiver would not single-handedly slash fuel prices, it would enhance competition and capacity in a stressed market. Ultimately, the frequent need to suspend the law during emergencies suggests that its permanent removal would better serve long-term economic and national security interests.

Read at CATO
67.

Public Defenders: The Friction in the Machine (CATO)

2026-03-19 | society | 2026-W12

This article argues that public defenders serve as an essential check on state power in the criminal justice system, acting as 'friction in the machine' that prevents governmental overreach and protects constitutional rights. Drawing on the author's experience as a public defender in Pueblo, Colorado, and the legacy of Gideon v. Wainwright, the piece contends that plea-driven mass adjudication has displaced jury trials while jails overflow with low-level offenders even as clearance rates for serious crimes decline. The author highlights that with over 5,000 federal statutory crimes and 400,000 regulatory offenses, virtually anyone could face prosecution, making robust public defense a universal safeguard. The implications point toward the need for greater investment in indigent defense and reforms to bail and plea-bargaining systems to restore the adversarial process the Framers intended.

Read at CATO
68.

Boasberg Compels Disclosure of FISA Noncompliance Incident Records (CATO)

2026-03-19 | society | 2026-W12 | Topics: Trade, United States

FISA Court Judge Boasberg has ordered the Trump DOJ to disclose Section 702 noncompliance records by April 10, responding to a Cato Institute FOIA lawsuit, as Congress prepares to vote on the surveillance program's future. The article argues that Section 702's warrantless 'incidental collection' of communications between US firearms importers and foreign suppliers effectively creates an illegal shadow firearms registry, violating the Firearm Owners Protection Act's explicit prohibition on federal gun registries. Cato contends that the structural standing barriers from the Supreme Court's Clapper ruling have shielded Section 702 from judicial review, but FOIA litigation and statutory challenges under FOPA may offer viable paths to contest surveillance overreach at the intersection of Fourth and Second Amendment rights.

Read at CATO
69.

Latest Waiver Is Another Indictment of the Jones Act (CATO)

2026-03-19 | economy | 2026-W12 | Topics: Trade, United States

The CATO Institute argues that the Trump administration's 60-day Jones Act waiver for energy and fertilizer shipments is an implicit admission that the law itself is a supply chain impediment rather than a national security asset. The article notes that only a tiny fraction of global vessels comply with the Jones Act—zero oceangoing dry bulk ships for fertilizer, one LNG tanker, and just 54 oil tankers out of nearly 7,500 worldwide—while US shipbuilding is in 'near total collapse' and the Jones Act-compliant fleet has halved since 1980. CATO contends that rather than relying on legally questionable temporary waivers, Congress should repeal the Jones Act entirely to permanently lower shipping costs, strengthen supply chains, and develop a more effective maritime policy.

Read at CATO
70.

FCC Threats and the Fog of War: The Government Cannot Be the Arbiter of Truth (CATO)

2026-03-19 | society | 2026-W12 | Topics: Middle East, United States

The article argues that the FCC's threat to revoke broadcast licenses over allegedly inaccurate war reporting represents a dangerous government overreach into content regulation and free expression. Drawing on the FCC chairman's warning to broadcasters during the Iran conflict, CATO traces how outdated Supreme Court precedents (NBC v. United States, Red Lion) grant the FCC unusually broad authority to police broadcast content under a 'public interest' standard, effectively giving broadcasters 'junior varsity' First Amendment rights. The piece contends that truth emerges through open debate in the media marketplace, not government diktat, and that wartime conditions have historically been exploited to suppress dissent—from the 1798 Sedition Act to Cold War-era broadcast suppression. CATO recommends abolishing the FCC's public interest licensing framework entirely and moving to spectrum auctions, which would eliminate the legal basis for government content regulation of broadcasters.

Read at CATO
71.

The Future of Online Expression and Innovation Depends on Robust Section 230 Protections (CATO)

2026-03-09 | society | 2026-W11 | Topics: AI, China, Trade, United States

The CATO Institute argues that Section 230 remains the foundational legal framework for American online innovation and free expression by protecting platforms from liability for user-generated content. The report highlights how these protections prevent a 'moderator's dilemma' where legal risks would otherwise force companies to either censor aggressively or abandon moderation entirely, disproportionately harming smaller competitors. It warns that weakening this framework amid the rise of generative AI would entrench incumbents and cede technological leadership to foreign adversaries. Consequently, the author recommends preserving Section 230's core principles while establishing a federal standard for unmasking anonymous bad actors to ensure individual accountability.

Read at CATO
72.

Social Media Addiction Trial Begins, With Stakes for Youth Online Safety Debate (CATO)

2026-02-26 | health | 2026-W09

The commencement of class-action trials against social media platforms over 'addiction' claims marks a pivotal moment that will shape the legal and policy landscape for youth online safety. Critics of the litigation argue that 'social media addiction' lacks a formal medical classification and that existing parental controls and user features already provide sufficient mitigation for excessive use. Ultimately, a ruling for the plaintiffs could force significant changes to platform features like autoplay and algorithms, while a defense victory would likely strengthen First Amendment challenges against state-level age verification and content restriction laws.

Read at CATO
73.

Do We Really Need Half-a-Dozen New Savings Accounts? (CATO)

2026-02-26 | society | 2026-W09 | Topics: United States

The article critiques the proliferation of special-purpose, tax-advantaged savings accounts, arguing that they create a complex maze of rules that discourages saving among those who need liquidity most. It highlights that new initiatives like Trump Accounts and the HUSTLE Act shift savings tools toward government transfer programs requiring restrictive guardrails and penalties. To improve financial resilience and reduce bureaucratic friction, the author recommends replacing this fragmented system with a single Universal Savings Account (USA). This proposed model would allow for flexible, tax-free withdrawals for any purpose without the paternalistic micromanagement inherent in the current niche account structure.

Read at CATO
74.

The New Trump Tariffs Are Also Unlawful (CATO)

2026-02-26 | economy | 2026-W09 | Topics: Trade, United States

The Trump administration's invocation of Section 122 of the Trade Act of 1974 to impose 10 percent tariffs is legally suspect because it incorrectly substitutes 'trade deficits' for the statute's requirement of 'balance-of-payments' problems. Economists and the administration's own prior legal filings confirm these concepts are distinct, especially since the U.S. floating exchange rate system currently allows for easy financing of trade imbalances without a payments crisis. Ultimately, the administration is likely using this authority as a 150-day temporary bridge to sustain protectionist policies while bypassing Congressional approval and preparing alternative legal justifications.

Read at CATO
75.

Affordability Is Trump’s Albatross and He Can’t Get Rid of It (CATO)

2026-02-26 | health | 2026-W09 | Topics: Trade, United States

President Trump faces growing political disapproval as American households remain frustrated by high price levels for essentials like food and electricity despite modest real wage gains. The article argues that the administration's own policies, including tariffs, immigration restrictions, and high budget deficits, are contributing to stagflationary pressures and undermining fiscal stability. Consequently, the failure to deliver immediate price reductions has allowed political opponents to gain traction with 'affordability' narratives and proposals for direct economic intervention.

Read at CATO
76.

Should the Consolidated Audit Trail Have a Future? (CATO)

2026-02-26 | society | 2026-W09 | Topics: Trade, United States

The Cato Institute argues for the immediate termination of the SEC’s Consolidated Audit Trail (CAT), characterizing it as an unconstitutional surveillance system that threatens investor privacy and security. The report cites significant vulnerabilities in the massive database, which processes 58 billion records daily, alongside the SEC’s inability to prevent unauthorized data disclosures. Furthermore, it asserts that the program bypasses Fourth Amendment protections by collecting sensitive financial data without judicial warrants. Consequently, the author calls on Congress or the SEC to dismantle the CAT to prevent further incursions into financial privacy and mitigate systemic cyber risks.

Read at CATO
77.

US Fiscal Dominance, the Coming Fiscal Inflection Point, and How Congress Can Fix the Debt Crisis (Before It’s Too Late) (CATO)

2026-02-26 | society | 2026-W09 | Topics: United States

The United States faces an imminent risk of 'fiscal dominance,' where unsustainable federal debt levels may eventually force the Federal Reserve to abandon its inflation-control mandate to finance government spending. Projections indicate that by 2036, mandatory spending on entitlements and interest payments will consume 100% of federal revenue, with the impending depletion of Social Security and Medicare trust funds by 2032 serving as a critical market inflection point. To avert a sovereign debt crisis and persistent inflation, Congress must implement structural entitlement reforms, establish a credible deficit target of 3% of GDP, and utilize a bipartisan fiscal commission to overcome political inertia.

Read at CATO
78.

The Invincibility Gap: How Constitutional Safeguards Have Become a List of Polite Suggestions (CATO)

2026-02-26 | society | 2026-W09 | Topics: United States

The article argues that the U.S. legal system increasingly favors the state through broad sovereign and qualified immunity doctrines that shield government agencies and officials from accountability. By examining the cases of USPS v. Konan and NRA v. Vullo, the author illustrates how expanding legal exceptions and 'clearly established law' requirements protect even intentional discrimination and regulatory coercion. These developments create a 'double lock' on justice, effectively transforming constitutional guarantees into unenforceable suggestions and leaving citizens without redress for proven misconduct.

Read at CATO
79.

A “War on Fraud” Will Not Balance the Budget (CATO)

2026-02-26 | society | 2026-W09 | Topics: Trade, United States

President Trump's proposed 'war on fraud' is insufficient to balance the federal budget because the primary drivers of the deficit are structural entitlement spending and interest costs, not just improper payments. While fraud accounts for up to $521 billion annually, the projected decade-long deficit of $24 trillion far exceeds even the most optimistic savings from fraud elimination. Consequently, the article argues that authentic fiscal stability requires fundamental reforms to Social Security, Medicare, and Medicaid rather than superficial anti-fraud campaigns or economically unfeasible tariff strategies.

Read at CATO
80.

How the Welfare State’s Financing Structure Enables Waste, Fraud, and Abuse (CATO)

2026-02-26 | society | 2026-W09 | Topics: United States

This CATO Institute report argues that federal-state financing structures for welfare programs create misaligned incentives that encourage widespread fraud and fiscal exploitation. Because states administer programs like SNAP and Medicaid while federal taxpayers bear the majority of costs, states lack the financial motivation to prevent improper payments or close administrative loopholes. The author recommends transitioning to block grants or per-capita spending caps to force states to take greater responsibility for program integrity. Ultimately, the report contends that ending federal aid to state programs is necessary to ensure policymakers remain accountable to taxpayers for every dollar spent.

Read at CATO
81.

The Fed’s Defenses of Interest on Reserves Are Flawed (CATO)

2026-02-25 | economy | 2026-W09 | Topics: United States

CATO argues that the Federal Reserve's Interest on Reserves (IOR) framework is a flawed and 'dangerous' tool that distorts private lending and reduces Treasury remittances. The article refutes Fed claims that IOR is cost-neutral and necessary for interest rate control, highlighting significant recent operating losses and the destruction of the interbank lending market. To address these issues, the author recommends a gradual 10-to-15-year reduction of the Fed's balance sheet to restore a traditional corridor system. The findings suggest that Congress should implement serious monetary reforms rather than treating the Fed as an infallible institution.

Read at CATO
82.

The One Big Beautiful Bill Made ICE Shutdown-Proof and Eroded Fiscal Norms (CATO)

2026-02-25 | society | 2026-W09 | Topics: United States

The CATO article examines how the One Big Beautiful Bill Act (OBBBA) has effectively insulated Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) from government shutdowns by shifting its funding from annual discretionary appropriations to multi-year mandatory spending. By providing $75 billion in budget authority—seven times ICE’s typical annual budget—legislators utilized the reconciliation process to bypass traditional fiscal checks and balances. This shift significantly erodes Congressional oversight, as agencies no longer need annual legislative approval to operate, while weakening the minority party's ability to extract policy concessions. Ultimately, this precedent encourages fiscal irresponsibility and institutional norm erosion, as future administrations may similarly exploit reconciliation to bypass budgetary trade-offs.

Read at CATO
83.

Offset Emergency Spending (CATO)

2026-02-24 | society | 2026-W09 | Topics: Trade, United States

The article argues that Congress frequently exploits the 'emergency designation' loophole to bypass fiscal rules, leading to over $12.5 trillion in un-offset spending since 1991. It highlights that while countries like Switzerland and Germany successfully use 'debt brakes' to repay emergency borrowing, the US has seen its debt-to-GDP ratio surge due to a lack of similar enforcement mechanisms. To achieve fiscal sustainability, the author recommends adopting binding constraints that track and offset emergency spending through automatic, across-the-board reductions over a multi-year period.

Read at CATO
84.

Immigration Saves Lives (CATO)

2026-02-24 | health | 2026-W09

The article argues that liberalizing immigration is a critical strategy for making long-term care more affordable and improving health outcomes for the elderly. Research indicates that a higher influx of immigrants significantly expands the healthcare workforce, particularly in home-based care, without displacing domestic workers. This labor shift reduces reliance on nursing homes and is associated with a substantial decrease in nationwide mortality rates among older adults. Consequently, the findings suggest that immigration reform serves as a powerful lever for addressing the public health challenges of an aging population.

Read at CATO
85.

Cato’s Coverage of the IEEPA Tariff Decision: Resource Guide (CATO)

2026-02-24 | economy | 2026-W09 | Topics: Trade, United States

The Supreme Court’s 6–3 ruling in Learning Resources, Inc. v. Trump significantly curtails executive power by holding that the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (IEEPA) does not authorize presidential tariffs. Cato analysts emphasize that while the decision addresses a major constitutional overreach and provides fiscal relief for households, the administration is already pivoting to alternative statutes to maintain its trade agenda. This shift underscores a critical need for Congress to reclaim its constitutional authority over trade policy to ensure long-term economic stability and prevent arbitrary executive taxation.

Read at CATO
86.

Establish an Independent, Fast-Track Fiscal Commission (CATO)

2026-02-24 | society | 2026-W09 | Topics: United States

The article proposes establishing an independent, fast-track fiscal commission to address the U.S. debt crisis and unsustainable growth in automatic entitlement spending. Drawing on the successful Base Realignment and Closure (BRAC) model, the author argues for a 'silent approval' mechanism where commission recommendations automatically become law unless rejected by Congress, overcoming chronic political paralysis. This reform aims to stabilize federal debt at or below 100 percent of GDP and restore the solvency of Social Security and Medicare through gradual, predictable changes rather than crisis-driven panic.

Read at CATO
87.

Ten Commandments Ruling Underscores That Progressives Need School Choice (CATO)

2026-02-24 | society | 2026-W09

The article argues that school choice is an essential policy for progressives as well as conservatives, particularly following a court ruling allowing religious displays in public classrooms. It highlights a Fifth Circuit decision overturning an injunction against a Louisiana law requiring the Ten Commandments to be posted, illustrating the ongoing legal shift toward allowing more religion in schools. The author concludes that since public schools cannot satisfy all diverse beliefs, educational funding should follow the student to ensure all families can access education aligned with their values.

Read at CATO
88.

Maritime Action Plan Highlights Washington’s Misplaced Shipbuilding Obsession (CATO)

2026-02-22 | defense | 2026-W08 | Topics: China, Indo-Pacific, Trade, United States

The CATO Institute critiques the Trump administration's Maritime Action Plan (MAP), arguing that its attempt to revive commercial shipbuilding through subsidies and protectionist mandates is economically unrealistic and potentially detrimental to national security. Key obstacles include US shipbuilding costs being five times the global average, severe labor shortages, and antiquated infrastructure that cannot be easily fixed by government intervention. The report warns that siphoning skilled workers into subsidized commercial projects may worsen existing delays in naval shipbuilding rather than providing spillover benefits. Instead of isolationist industrial policy, the author recommends leveraging allied shipyards for non-combatant vessels, providing steady demand signals, and reforming the Jones Act to modernize the US merchant fleet.

Read at CATO
89.

The Supreme Court Got It Right on IEEPA—But Don’t Pop the Champagne Yet (CATO)

2026-02-22 | society | 2026-W08 | Topics: China, Trade, United States

While the Supreme Court correctly limited the misuse of the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (IEEPA) for broad tariffs, the President still holds significant statutory power to disrupt trade. Hidden provisions like Section 122 and Section 338 offer alternative pathways for the administration to impose unilateral tariffs without immediate congressional oversight or established judicial limits. These vulnerabilities suggest that true trade policy stability will only return if Congress reclaims its constitutional authority and establishes stricter procedural safeguards on executive delegations.

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90.

Public Defender Shortages Suggest Rethinking Drug Criminalization (CATO)

2026-02-22 | health | 2026-W08

Severe public defender shortages in states like Oregon highlight the urgent need to rethink drug criminalization to alleviate overburdened legal systems. The article points to the dismissal of 1,400 criminal cases as evidence that overcriminalization drains judicial resources and can inadvertently undermine public safety. It argues that successful models, such as Portugal’s, demonstrate that decriminalization is most effective when paired with robust treatment infrastructure and coordinated social services. Consequently, policymakers should prioritize scarce resources for crimes that cause direct harm while integrating health-based solutions for drug use.

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91.

Politically Motivated Killers: 51 Years of Terrorist Murders on US Soil, 1975–2025 (CATO)

2026-02-22 | society | 2026-W08 | Topics: Trade, United States

This report argues that politically motivated terrorism remains a minuscule and overstated threat to Americans, accounting for only 0.35% of all murders between 1975 and 2025. Drawing on 51 years of data, the analysis shows that 88% of terrorist fatalities resulted from just two extreme events—9/11 and the Oklahoma City bombing—while the overall frequency of attacks has not significantly increased over time. Consequently, the author concludes that expanding federal domestic counterterrorism efforts or targeting specific political groups is a disproportionate response that threatens civil liberties without a sound empirical basis.

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92.

New Income Tax Deductions for Tax-Free Tips and Overtime (CATO)

2026-02-22 | society | 2026-W08 | Topics: Trade, United States

CATO criticizes the 2025 tax deductions for tip and overtime income, arguing that these narrow carve-outs undermine tax neutrality and create significant economic distortions. The analysis highlights that these provisions, projected to cost $121 billion over a decade, incentivize the recharacterization of wages and accelerate 'tipflation' by expanding tipping norms into non-traditional industries like home services. To maximize economic growth and fairness, the authors recommend that Congress allow these deductions to expire in 2028 in favor of a broad-based, low-rate tax system that treats all labor income equally.

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93.

Immigrants’ Recent Effects on Government Budgets: 1994–2023 (CATO)

2026-02-22 | society | 2026-W08 | Topics: Nuclear, United States

From 1994 to 2023, U.S. immigrants—including both legal and undocumented populations—generated a cumulative fiscal surplus of $14.5 trillion, significantly reducing national budget deficits and lowering the debt-to-GDP ratio. This positive impact stems from immigrants' higher labor force participation rates and higher per capita tax contributions combined with lower consumption of government benefits like Social Security and education compared to the U.S.-born population. The study concludes that immigration has functioned as a critical buffer against a national debt crisis, suggesting that restrictive immigration policies would likely exacerbate fiscal instability rather than resolve it.

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94.

What the SCOTUS Tariff Decision Means for Fiscal Policy in Four Charts (CATO)

2026-02-22 | society | 2026-W08 | Topics: Trade, United States

The Supreme Court's decision to strike down reciprocal tariffs under the IEEPA highlights that these measures failed to meet administration revenue projections while significantly depressing economic growth and other tax revenues. Evidence shows that 2025 tariff collections fell nearly 50% short of projected targets and functioned as a substantial tax increase that largely offset the benefits of the 2025 tax reforms for most American households. The ruling underscores that tariffs are an insufficient solution for the U.S.'s structural deficit, which is primarily driven by entitlement spending rather than revenue shortfalls. Consequently, the removal of these tariffs is expected to improve the net impact of recent tax cuts, although the administration may still pursue alternative legal routes to impose similar trade barriers.

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95.

Friday Feature: Hilton Horizons Academy (CATO)

2026-02-22 | society | 2026-W08

This article highlights Hilton Horizons Academy as a successful example of the microschool movement, offering a student-centered alternative to the rigid testing and bureaucracy of traditional public schools. By utilizing personalized curricula and hands-on enrichment—such as robotics and gardening—the academy effectively addresses individual student needs that the standard system often overlooks. The school’s growth and the high satisfaction of its staff underscore the importance of school choice initiatives, such as Tennessee’s education savings account program, which make these models accessible to a broader range of families. These findings suggest that diversifying educational options can improve both teacher retention and student achievement by fostering more adaptive learning environments.

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96.

Iran and the Persistence of US Failure in the Middle East (CATO)

2026-02-22 | diplomacy | 2026-W08 | Topics: Middle East, Nuclear, United States

The article argues that the Trump administration is sprinting toward a military conflict with Iran without a clear casus belli or exit strategy, risking a repeat of past Middle East intervention failures. It highlights how justifications have shifted from nuclear concerns to ballistic missiles and internal protests, often driven by Israeli pressure and policy inertia rather than imminent threats to the United States. The author contends that since Iran's ability to harm American interests is minimal, pursuing an unprovoked war would serve foreign interests over domestic ones and likely lead to an open-ended regional crisis.

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97.

The Illusion of Limited War: Trump’s Misguided Approach to Iran (CATO)

2026-02-22 | diplomacy | 2026-W08 | Topics: Middle East, Nuclear, United States

The article argues that the Trump administration’s reliance on "limited" military force against Iran is a strategic illusion that risks initiating an open-ended "forever war." It highlights that while airpower and covert actions minimize immediate American casualties, they frequently result in severe second-order effects like regional instability, refugee crises, and radicalization, as seen in past interventions in Libya and Syria. Ultimately, the author suggests that the administration should prioritize a diplomatic agreement with Tehran to avoid the very type of protracted conflict the president pledged to avoid.

Read at CATO