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The Iran War Is Reshaping Asia’s Energy Security Strategies

CFR | 2026-03-28 | energy

Topics: China, Climate, Europe, Indo-Pacific, Middle East, Nuclear, Russia, Trade, Ukraine, United States, Energy

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English Summary

The Iran War's disruption of oil and LNG supplies is forcing Asian economies dependent on Middle Eastern energy to fundamentally restructure their energy strategies. Across the region, governments are accelerating nuclear energy development (Japan, China, South Korea), re-embracing coal, and exploring renewable expansion, with South Korea even considering breaching its US nuclear agreement to pursue domestic uranium enrichment. While these shifts address long-term security needs, most Asian states face significant near-term economic pain, as alternative energy sources require time to deploy and the critical Strait of Hormuz remains largely closed. The crisis reveals Asia's structural energy vulnerabilities and underscores the geopolitical risks of energy insecurity, including potential tensions with security allies and proliferation concerns.

中文摘要

伊朗戰爭對石油和液化天然氣供應的中斷,正迫使依賴中東能源的亞洲經濟體根本性地重新調整其能源戰略。在整個地區,各國政府正在加快核能開發(日本、中國、南韓),重新擁抱煤炭,並探索可再生能源擴張,南韓甚至考慮違反其美國核協議以追求國內鈾濃縮。雖然這些轉變滿足長期安全需求,但大多數亞洲國家面臨重大的短期經濟陣痛,因為替代能源需要時間部署,而關鍵的荷莫茲海峽仍然大部分關閉。這場危機揭示了亞洲的結構性能源脆弱性,並強調了能源不安全的地緣政治風險,包括與安全盟友可能發生的緊張局勢和核擴散隱憂。

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