While the war in Ukraine may reach an inflection point and Russian forces are struggling, the article argues that Russia remains the primary long-term threat to European security regardless of the conflict's outcome. This assessment is based on the fact that despite internal weaknesses—such as a stagnating economy and poor demographics—Russia retains the capability and vested interest in destabilizing Europe’s existing security architecture. Policymakers must therefore prepare for sustained, multi-faceted Russian pressure and potential military reconstitution efforts, rather than focusing solely on immediate battlefield victories or defeats.
Africonomics: A History of Western Ignorance
English Summary
The publication argues that Western attempts to apply economic theory to Africa, particularly during the colonial and postcolonial periods, are fundamentally flawed. It traces how European figures, when confronting issues like agricultural productivity or credit, applied theories tainted by racial bias, leading to poor and often detrimental policy outcomes. The analysis demonstrates that economic ideas do not neutrally shape policy; rather, they are deeply influenced by colonial biases. Strategically, this suggests that external, theory-driven interventions must be approached with extreme caution, as they risk replicating historical patterns of exploitation and undermining local sovereignty.
中文摘要
本文論述西方將經濟理論應用於非洲的嘗試，特別是在殖民和後殖民時期，存在根本性缺陷。文章追溯了歐洲人物在處理農業生產力或信貸等議題時，如何應用了帶有種族偏見的理論，從而導致了不良且往往具有破壞性的政策結果。分析指出，經濟思想並非中立地塑造政策；相反地，它們深受殖民偏見的影響。從策略層面來看，這意味著外部的、理論驅動的干預必須持極度謹慎的態度，因為它們有重現歷史剝削模式並削弱地方主權的風險。
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