The article argues that the post-Cold War era of U.S. unipolarity, established by the perceived invincibility demonstrated during the Gulf War, has ended. This decline is driven by globalization and technological diffusion, which have democratized advanced military capabilities, allowing regional actors to challenge major powers. Consequently, policymakers must prepare for a more volatile international order marked by frequent crises, heightened costs for securing global trade chokepoints, and reduced predictability from American power. The new rules dictate that great powers can no longer effortlessly impose their will through force.
The War That Outgrew Sudan
English Summary
The civil conflict in Sudan has resulted in a catastrophic state collapse since April 2023, creating one of the world's largest humanitarian crises. The fighting has devastated multiple regions, with battle lines shifting across the country and the capital, Khartoum, being heavily impacted. The sheer scale and complexity of the conflict suggest that traditional, localized military interventions are insufficient to resolve the crisis. Policymakers must therefore recognize that the war has outgrown the borders of Sudan, requiring a broader, multi-faceted strategic approach to address the underlying systemic instability.
中文摘要
自2023年4月以來，蘇丹的內戰已導致災難性的國家崩解，引發了全球最大的人道危機之一。戰鬥已摧毀了多個地區，戰線不斷變動，首都喀土穆也受到嚴重衝擊。衝突的規模和複雜性表明，傳統的、局部性的軍事干預不足以解決危機。因此，政策制定者必須認識到，這場戰爭已超越蘇丹的邊界，需要採取更廣泛、多層面的戰略方法來應對其底層的系統性不穩定。
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